A Simple Optimum-Time FSSP Algorithm for Multi-Dimensional Cellular Automata

The firing squad synchronization problem (FSSP) on cellular automata has been studied extensively for more than forty years, and a rich variety of synchronization algorithms have been proposed for not only one-dimensional arrays but two-dimensional arrays. In the present paper, we propose a simple recursive-halving based optimum-time synchronization algorithm that can synchronize any rectangle arrays of size m*n with a general at one corner in m+n+max(m, n)-3 steps. The algorithm is a natural expansion of the well-known FSSP algorithm proposed by Balzer [1967], Gerken [1987], and Waksman [1966] and it can be easily expanded to three-dimensional arrays, even to multi-dimensional arrays with a general at any position of the array.Comment: In Proceedings AUTOMATA&JAC 2012, arXiv:1208.249

Quantum tangent kernel

Quantum kernel method is one of the key approaches to quantum machine learning, which has the advantages that it does not require optimization and has theoretical simplicity. By virtue of these properties, several experimental demonstrations and discussions of the potential advantages have been developed so far. However, as is the case in classical machine learning, not all quantum machine learning models could be regarded as kernel methods. In this work, we explore a quantum machine learning model with a deep parameterized quantum circuit and aim to go beyond the conventional quantum kernel method. In this case, the representation power and performance are expected to be enhanced, while the training process might be a bottleneck because of the barren plateaus issue. However, we find that parameters of a deep enough quantum circuit do not move much from its initial values during training, allowing first-order expansion with respect to the parameters. This behavior is similar to the neural tangent kernel in the classical literatures, and such a deep variational quantum machine learning can be described by another emergent kernel, quantum tangent kernel. Numerical simulations show that the proposed quantum tangent kernel outperforms the conventional quantum kernel method for an ansatz-generated dataset. This work provides a new direction beyond the conventional quantum kernel method and explores potential power of quantum machine learning with deep parameterized quantum circuits.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

Mesoscopic Multimodal Imaging Provides New Insight to Tumor Tissue Evaluation : An Example of Macrophage Imaging of Hepatic Tumor using Organosilica Nanoparticles

Multimodal imaging using novel multifunctional nanoparticles provides new approach to biomedical field. Thiol-organosilica nanoparticles containing iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and rhodamine B (thiol OS-MNP/Rho) were applied to multimodal imaging of hepatic tumor of Long−Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rat. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of LEC rats revealed tumors in the liver clearly and semi-quantitatively due to a labeling of macrophages in liver. The fluorescent imaging (FI) showed abnormal fluorescent patterns of the liver at the mesoscopic level that was between macroscopic and microscopic level. We performed correlation analysis between optical imaging including FI and MRI. We found that the labeled macrophages located specific area in the tumor tissue and influenced the tumor size on MRI. In addition histological observation showed the labeled macrophages related specific tissue in the pathological region. We demonstrated a new approach to evaluate tumor tissue at the macroscopic and microscopic level as well as mesoscopic level using multimodal imaging

多形腺腫における細胞分化因子としてのNotchの可能性

The expression of Notch in 30 cases of pleomorphic adenoma was examined by immunohistochemistry.Comparing the results of our study with previous literatures, from the partial CK7 expression and substantial Notch expression in ductal epithelial cells as well as the Notch expression in solid tumor nests, it can be inferred that Notch is involved in cell differentiation. CK13 expression was observed in cells undergoing squamous metaplasia and Notch expression was seen in the nucleus of basal and squamous cells. The intense Notch expression in basal cells and weak expression in squamous cells suggests that Notch is involved in the differentiation from basal to squamous cell. Moreover, the loss of nuclear expression on the inner layer would signify that differentiation is about to end or has been terminated. Notch was expressed in the cytoplasm of cartilage cells and in the cell membrane of mucous cells but not in the nucleus indicating that differentiation has been concluded. Notch involvement is suspected in cell differentiation in areas showing ductal structures and squamous metaplasia. In summary, Notch is involved in cell differentiation of ductal cells in PA. Nuclear expression was shown in tumor cells in solid nests and surrounding structures. Moreover, Notch is expressed by basal cells undergoing squamous metaplasia suggesting the participation of Notch in cell differentiation in PA.2015博士（歯学）松本歯科大

エナメル上皮腫におけるHeat Shock Protein27の発現と細胞分化

The expression of HSP27 and some CKs were examined the 40 cases of typical solid/multicystic ameloblastoma using immunohistochemical techniques. In order to examine the relevance of HSP in cell differentiation, we focused on the cytoskeletal expression of CK. CK19 is a marker of typical odontogenic epithelium widely observed in follicular and plexiform types of ameloblastomas. Since staining with CK14 is one of the measures of the differentiation potential of squamous cells and is extensively expressed in both follicular and plexiform types, it implies that squamous differentiation of each type can occur. CK8 was strongly detected in tumor nests in plexiform type but weakly detected in follicular type. It was considered that the expression of HSP27 in plexiform type correlated with the expression of CK8 suggesting that HSP27 might have regulated the expression of CK8.2013博士（歯学）松本歯科大

Relation between psychosocial variables and the glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional and prospective study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This cross-sectional and prospective study used a variety of psychological inventories to evaluate the relationship between psychosocial factors and the glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Participants were 304 patients with type 2 diabetes who were treated as outpatients at diabetes clinics. All participants were assessed for HbA_1cand completed the following self-report psychological inventories: 1) Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ), 2) Problem Areas in Diabetes Survey (PAID), 3) Well-being Questionnaire 12 (W-BQ12), 4) Self-Esteem Scale (SES), 5) Social Support Scale, and 6) Self-Efficacy Scale. HbA_1cwas again measured one year later. The relationships between the psychosocial variables obtained by analysis of the psychological inventories and baseline or one-year follow-up HbA_1cwere determined.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Baseline HbA_1cwas significantly correlated with age, diet treatment regimen, number of microvascular complication of diabetes, and the total scores of DTSQ, W-BQ12, PAID, SES and the Self-Efficacy Scale. Hierarchical stepwise multiple regression revealed that significant predictors of baseline HbA_1cwere total DTSQ and PAID scores, along with age, diet treatment regimen, and number of microvascular complication of diabetes after adjustment for demographic, clinical and other psychosocial variables. Two hundred and ninety patients (95.4% of 304) were followed and assessed one year after baseline. Hierarchical stepwise multiple regression analysis showed the significant predictors of follow-up HbA_1cto be total DTSQ and PAID scores, along with age and diet treatment regimen. However, the correlation between baseline and follow-up HbA_1cwas so high that the only other variable to retain significance was diet treatment regimen once baseline HbA_1cwas included in the regression of follow-up HbA_1c.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The DTSQ and the PAID predicted both current and future HbA_1cto a similar and significant degree in patients with type 2 diabetes.</p

多形腺腫における細胞分化の促進因子としての Wnt シグナルの可能性

There are well known that Wnt signaling was some roles of cell differentiation at the development tissues, especially the oral and maxillofacial regions of some developmental stages. Therefore, to determine Wnt signaling in the pleomorphic adenoma tissues, we examined. The expression of Wnt1 and β-catenin as well as the distribution of various cytoskeletal proteins CK7 and CK13 was examined in 30 cases of pleomorphic adenoma by immunohistochemistry. Wnt1 was detected in almost all tumor cells. The peripheral columnar cells in squamous metaplasia and small cuboidal cells in duct-like structures were strongly positive to Wnt1. Although β-catenin was clearly localized on the cell membrane of tumor cells, nuclear translocation was observed in small cuboidal cells and in some basaloid cells. The immunofluorescent staining pattern of Wnt1 and CK7 as well as Wnt1 and CK13 was consistent with IHC results. Thus, in pleomorphic adenoma, Wnt is involved in tumor cell differentiation of peripheral columnar cells forming solid nests and small peripheral columnar cells forming duct-like structures. Moreover, among the three currently known Wnt pathways, β-catenin is the suggested pathway working during cell differentiation. Furthermore, peripheral columnar cells in solid tumor nests and in squamous metaplasia are governed by another Wnt pathway other than β-catenin. Therefore, Wnt signaling through β-catenin pathway may be involved in the ‘mixed’ differentiation characteristic of pleomorphic adenoma although another pathway may also be possibly working in other parts of the tumor tissue.2014博士（歯学）松本歯科大